Introduction
SIM cards in the 1990s were the size of a credit card! Just imagine how far they have traveled down the lane. SIM cards have exhibited a captivating evolution, channeling the latest technologies and delivering the present-day miniature SIM form factor- The Integrated SIM.
While the discussion on iSIM got started around 2015-16, the integrated SIMs got more traction in the real world when IoT and connectivity pioneers started their work toward building commercial units.
The introduction of the first-ever GSMA-compliant iSIM with the GSMA Remote SIM Provisioning standard by Qualcomm Technologies and the announcement of iSIM/iUICC SIMs by G+D marks the growing iSIM inclusion surge over the years in commercial as well as cutting-edge IoT applications.
Integrated SIM, popularly known as iSIM helps you take cellular connectivity a step further by curtailing the dependence on removable SIMs and embedded SIMs.
What is iSIM?
iSIM is the groundbreaking form factor in the SIM revolution. iSIM (Integrated SIM) is the iUICC (integrated universal integrated circuit card) enabled SIM, built within the processor using the system-on-chip (SoC) design.
It is enclosed in a Tamper Resistant Element (TRE) inside this dedicated space in the main processor and acts as a data bank for critical credentials. It is fully compatible with all cellular technologies from 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G.
Integrated SIM cards elevate the SIM structure by integrating a SoC design. It amps up the connectivity game- guided by eSIMs eliminating the need for separate chips for SIMs. It also reduces the module footprint and imparts a sleek and compact design to IoT devices when compared to those incorporating physical SIMs.
iSIM Architecture- Explained
The integrated SIM replicates the specification and certification of the integrated eUICC given by the GSMA. The System-on-a-Chip (SoC) architecture for iSIM generally comprises a microcontroller, cellular modem, and SIM card. The SIM card houses the SIM operating system, applications, and a secure processor/ vault, which safeguards sensitive data like mobile subscription identifiers.
Hardware architecture of an iSIM
The secure processor of an iSIM constitutes the following components:
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CPU for secure processing
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OTP or One-Time Programmable stores configuration and per-device keys
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ROM-Read Only Memory to store the firmware – Root of trust
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RAM contains the executable code and data
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Crypto Block carries out secure cryptographic operations
Benefits of iSIMs
Cost and space optimization imparted by iSIMs
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iSIMs offer compact designs for IoT solutions.
iSIMs have a reduced physical footprint, enabling efficient use of internal space. It allows the optimization of internal components, facilitating the addition of more functional modules within a reduced space.
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iSIMs are power-efficient making the overall performance stand out
iSIM card operates without the need for an additional microprocessor and derives its power directly from the System on Chip (SoC). The reduced power requirements result in prolonged battery life, cutting down the need for battery replacements.
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iSIMs are scalable and cost-effective solutions for all IoT applications.
iSIM technology is a reliable solution for all IoT solution architects with 3x reduced BOM and swift time to market. Furthermore, the solution promotes sustainability by eliminating the need for extra housing or plastic, making it the greenest SIM solution.
Learn More: Top 7 IoT Applications in 2024
Enhanced Security Features of iSIM:
Integrated SIM (iSIM) technology significantly enhances device security by embedding SIM functionality directly within the device’s main processor, utilizing a secure enclave. This advanced architecture not only protects sensitive data and authentication credentials from physical and software attacks but also ensures that devices meet the latest GSMA security standards, including eUICC Security Assurance.
iSIM's Superior Protection
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iSIM's integration into the device's core significantly reduces vulnerabilities associated with external SIM cards and eSIMs. By housing the SIM within a secure section of the processor, iSIM offers an added layer of security that is critical in today’s digital age, where data breaches and security threats are increasingly common. This makes iSIM particularly valuable in sectors where security is paramount, such as financial services, healthcare, and government applications.
Compliance and Global Security Standards
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iSIM adheres to stringent global security standards set by regulatory bodies, enhancing its trustworthiness in the global market. Devices equipped with iSIM are therefore more likely to comply with international security regulations, offering manufacturers and consumers alike peace of mind about the integrity of their communications and data.
Learn More: Essential Guide to eUICC for IoT Devices
iSIM vs. eSIM
Functionality Comparison
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iSIM technology and eSIM both support remote provisioning, yet iSIM distinguishes itself by integrating directly into a device’s chipset. This integration not only streamlines the design by reducing the physical space needed for SIM components but also enhances device performance with improved internal architecture efficiency.
Cost-Effectiveness
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The adoption of iSIM technology can lead to significant cost savings for manufacturers. By eliminating the need for separate SIM card slots and related components, iSIM reduces the complexity and material costs involved in device manufacturing, offering a more economical solution over traditional eSIMs and SIM cards.
Enhanced Security Features
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Security is a paramount concern in device manufacturing, and iSIM provides a robust solution by embedding SIM functionality directly into the device’s main processor. This setup minimizes the risks associated with physical tampering and unauthorized access, making iSIM a superior choice for securing mobile and IoT devices compared to eSIMs, which still require separate security measures.
Unlock Now: Explore eSIM Technology for IoT Applications
Closing Notes
With major cellular technology trendsetters and IoT industry pioneers engaging with advanced technologies, further development processes are rolling out from this domain. Recent forecasts indicate a rapid adoption of iSIM technology, projected to grow significantly over the next five years. iSIMs are expected to capture a substantial market share by 2025, driven by their enhanced security features and lower power requirements, particularly in sectors like wearables and IoT devices. The upgraded security measures, such as IoT SAFE (IoT SIM Applet For Secure End-to-End Communication), impart greater security across the latest SIM technologies. The xSIM (iSIM & eSIM) active connections are projected to grow 63% CAGR from 2023 to 2028, forecasting its exponential demand in M2M and consumer applications. These trends highlight the increasing preference for iSIMs over traditional SIM and eSIM solutions due to their superior efficiency and security.
To learn more, visit us at
https://www.cavliwireless.com/iot-modules/cellular-modules.html
Amusing Tech Chronicles
Facts and Anecdotes related to this edition of Wireless By Design
Qualcomm iSIM
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and Thales, announce the world’s first commercially deployable iSIM on the Snapdragon® 8 Gen 2 Mobile Platform in February 2023.
The Monarch 2 LTE-M/NB-IoT Chip
Sequans Communications rolled out the industry’s first cellular IoT chip with GSMA-compliant integrated iSIM (iUICC) in December 2021.
The Invisible Librarian
iSIMs are invisible librarians managing device connections and shelving profiles with ultimate precision and activating the read mode of profiles when required.
Go Beyond and Explore
Yes, iSIMs have remote SIM provisioning ability to manage the network carrier profiles. This means you can switch network providers and operating profiles without needing to physically swap out a SIM card
Yes, iSIMs are designed to meet security standards like IoT SAFE. They offer advanced encryption, making it highly resistant to tampering and unauthorized access. iSIMs with secure authentication of data incorporate an added layer of security compared to traditional SIMs and embedded SIMs.
No, iSIMs are integrated into the device's main chipset and are not meant to be removed or replaced as traditional SIMs or eSIMs. It can be used for IoT applications like industrial automation, smart cities, healthcare monitoring, automotive (like connected cars), and agricultural technology.
References
https://www.gsma.com/esim/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/esim-whitepaper.pdf